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Smithsonian Memories Project, Festival of American Folklife Oral History Interviews

Smithsonian Libraries and Archives

Object Details

Creator:
Topic
Oral history
Interviews
Visitors
Volunteers
Museums -- Employees
African Americans -- History
Anniversaries
African Americans
African Americans -- Washington (D.C.)
Museum curators
See more items in
Smithsonian Memories Project, Festival of American Folklife Oral History Interviews
Historical Note
A section of the 1996 Festival of American Folklife was devoted to capturing the history and memories of Smithsonian for the Smithsonian Institution's celebration of its Sesquicentennial in 1996. Staff and volunteers of the Institutional History Division and the Center for Folklife Programs conducted interviews with Smithsonian staff, volunteers, and visitors about their memories of the Smithsonian. Between June 26 and July 7, 1996, some 173 individuals were interviewed alone and in groups. Interviewees included a wide array of Smithsonian staff from many museums and organizations, several Smithsonian volunteers, and a number of visitors to the Festival. Staff interviewees ranged from guards in a K-9 unit, to administrators, curators, educators, "skull" crews who move large objects, registrars, administrative staff, and horticultural staff, among others. Interviews of visitors focused on their reminiscences of visits to the Smithsonian museums and previous Folklife Festivals. Additional interviews of collected Smithsonian staff can be found in Record Unit 9508, Senate of Scientists Interviews; Record Unit 9522, Association of Curators Reminiscences; Record Unit 9595, Smithsonian's 150th Birthday Interviews; and Record Unit 9622, National Museum of Natural History Centennial Interviews.
Extent
160 audiotapes (Originals). audiotapes (Reference copies).
Date
1996
Archival Repository
Smithsonian Institution Archives
Identifier
Record Unit 9594
Type
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Audiotapes
Transcripts
Citation
Smithsonian Institution Archives, Record Unit 9594, Smithsonian Memories Project, Festival of American Folklife Oral History Interviews
Genre/Form
Audiotapes
Transcripts
Introduction
The Smithsonian Institution Archives began its Oral History Program in 1973. The purpose of the program is to supplement the written documentation of the Archives' record and manuscript collections with an Oral History Collection, focusing on the history of the Institution, research by its scholars, and contributions of its staff. Program staff conduct interviews with current and retired Smithsonian staff and others who have made significant contributions to the Institution. There are also interviews conducted by researchers or students on topics related to the history of the Smithsonian or the holdings of the Smithsonian Institution Archives.
Descriptive Entry
This collection is comprised of one hundred and sixty interview sessions, totaling approximately 68.5 hours of recordings and 289 pages of transcript. Thirteen of the interview sessions have been transcribed, while the remainder of interview sessions have been described in short summaries. Interviewees were Smithsonian staff, retirees, volunteers, and visitors, including: Lorie Aceto - 033 Paul Allen - 044 Leslie Atkins - 034 Preston Atkins - 034 Betty Belanus - 123 Louise D. Belcher - 027 Stephen Belcher - 027 Dick Bell - 140 Cordelia Benedict - 141 Francine Berkowitz - 026 Maggie Bertin - 132 Carvester Booth - 050 David Bosserman - 133 Steven Bostwick - 137 Anita Buffaloe - 105 Josephine Burman - 057 Olivia Cadaval - 040 Richard Callwood - 139 Nathaniel Carleton - 071 Judy Chelnick - 099 Barbara Coffee - 091 Sheila E. Cogan - 095 Ronald Colaprete - 081 Judie Cooper - 058 Patricia Cox - 038 William E. Cox - 077 Myron Curtis - 009 Melissa Darden - 135 Herb Davis - 056 James Deutsch - 055 David DeVorkin - 006 Kathleen Dorman - 029 Doc Dougherty - 157 James Early - 062 Douglas Evelyn - 068 Edgar Farley - 101 Edward Fisher III - 153 Jody Fitterer - 008 Lou Fleming - 088 John Franklin - 085 William Gagham - 124 Jim Galvin - 096 Helen Gaul - 102 Mark Geiger - 083 John Gibson - 011 Jane Glaser - 041 Lee Galssco - 122 Andrew Goffrey - 042 Carol Gover - 036 Elease Hall - 092 Sara Harkavy - 080 Marguerite Harding - 021 Robert Harding - 078 Rebecca Hartman - 080 William Hartung - 017 Martha Hayes - 052 Leonard Hirsch - 125 Alice Hirschfeld - 002 Elaine Hodges - 134 Cynthia Hoover - 024 Bernard Howard - 136 David Howery - 131 Karin Hoyes - 001 Regina H. Ingrim - 160 Reuben Jackson - 111 David Jickling - 117 Myron Johnson - 047 Larry Jones - 042 Mitchell Jones - 149 Steve Jones - 042 Ken Jordan - 042 Martin Kaufna - 066 Walter Kelly - 144 Dana Kent - 065 David Kessler - 070 Kethshara Khlok - 147 Donald E. Kloster - 015 Ramunas Kondratas - 106 Amy Kotkin - 145 Kamille Kreger - 051 Michael Kreger - 051 Manjula Kumar - 010 Katharine Landfield - 114 Peggy Langrall - 086 Dorothy Laoang - 037 Felix Lapinski - 022 Jeffrey LaRiche - 152 Elyse Lattner - 159 Tom Lauderbaugh - 076 Myron Lecar - 059 Rose Lee - 061 Martin Levine - 107 Steven Lubar - 110 Marian Hope Lund - 003 Ian MacTavish - 073 Joseph Madeira - 014 Peter Magoon - 148 Barbara Manioc - 096 Sally Maran - 087 Kenneth Mason - 143 B. C. May - 004 Virginia McCawley - 121 Mary McCutcheon - 104 David McFadden - 025 Joseph H. McGuiness - 082 Adriana McMurray - 097 Jimmy Melendez - 044 Felicia Messina-D'Haiti - 084 Per Midboe - 073 Harry Miller - 138 Barbara Moore - 103 David Moore - 064 Marvin Nakashima - 005 Diana N'Diaye - 035 Norman Novack - 155 Jen Page - 146 Geoffrey Parker - 150 Joan Paull - 060 Marvette Perez - 109 Catherine Perge - 032 Don Phillips - 042 Jeff Place - 154 Nancy Pope - 119 Jean Porter - 007 Fred Price - 053 Louis R. Purnell - 089 Larry Randall - 054 Jahari Rashad - 158 Sharon Reinckens - 019 Sharon Rohnback - 093 Anne Roocker - 069 Rex Roocker - 069 Ingrid Roper - 031 Cordelia Rose - 115 Deborah Rothberg - 130 Lucile Rowe - 018 Margaret Santiago - 113 Lori Schlemmer - 098 Volkor K. Schmeissner - 127 Eric Scott - 046 Mina Smith Segal - 043 Ruth Selig - 108 Arnold Sperling - 048 David Squire - 156 John Stine - 030 Sally Sweetland - 023 Nancy Sweezey - 151 Charles Tamosa - 142 Kenneth Thomas - 045 L. Susan Tolbert - 112 Billy Turner - 020 Raineldo Urriola - 094 Vincent VanAllen - 128 Tom Vennum - 028 Jane Walsh - 012 Rita Wanpeha - 120 Mark H. Warmaling - 072 Deborah Watkins - 075 Mick Weltman - 067 David West - 079 Dennis Whigham - 074 Janice Whigham - 192 William White - 049 Amy Wilson - 063 Jennie Witthoff - 039 Douglas Wonderlic - 118 Mary Wood - 016 Chuck Woolf - 126 Steptoe Wrenn - 013 Holly Wright - 116 Agnes Yore - 090 Elizabeth Zimmer - 100 Amanda Zocchi - 038 Interviewers were Smithsonian staff and volunteers, including Francine Berkowitz, Maggie Bertin, Dorothy Blink, David Bosserman, Emily Botein, Olivia Cadaval, Tim Carr, Vivien Chen, Martin Collins, Eduardo Contreras, Odette Diaz, John Franklin, Shenandoah Gale, Joanne Gernstein-London, Margy Gibson, Terrica M. Gibson, John McKiernan Gonzalez, Pamela M. Henson, Paula Johnson, Katherine Kirlin, Felix Lapinski, Tom Lawrence, Brian LeMay, Magdelena Mieri, Pilar Somma Montalvo, Jen Page, Marvette Perez, Catherine Perge, Sarita Rodriguez, and Polly Stewart.
Related link
Record ID
ebl-1523899822106-1523899822130-0
Metadata Usage
CC0

In the Collection

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  • Lee Glassco was interviewed by Jen Page on July 6, 1996. Glassco was born in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1931. She was graduated from the veterinary technology program at Northern Virginia Community College in 1983 and is now a retired veterinary technician. She has been a volunteer at the Zoo for 22 years. From 1974 until 1983, Glassco was a guide, first doing general tours, then working as a house guide in the elephant and giraffe house. Later, Glassco participated in the animal and behavioral studies. Beginning in 1994, Glassco began working with a new Zoo volunteer program called Zoo on Wheels. This interview discusses how Glassco started volunteering; her decision to go back to school; how her participation in Zoo volunteer work changed over the years; her work with the Zoo on Wheels program; her first impressions of the Zoo; how her opinions of all zoos have changed; her first day of work; the most challenging part of her job as a guide; stories about working at the Zoo; changes at the Zoo, both in its appearance and in the collections; what working at the Smithsonian means to her; her experiences with Zoo on Wheels; and her memories and impressions of the Festival of American Folklife.

  • FAF/SM96-042 - The Skull Crew (Steve Jones, Andrew Goffrey, Don Phillips, Ken Jordan) and Larry Jones, June 28, 1996

  • Marian Hope Lund was interviewed by Tom Lawrence on June 26, 1996. Lund worked for the Smithsonian between 1966 and 1973 in the Division of Performing Arts. She left the Smithsonian in 1973 to take a position with a state art museum in Florida. Now retired, she is a member of the Women's Committee of the Smithsonian and of the Steering Committee of the Friends of Music. This interview discusses Lund's work for the Division of the Performing Arts, notably the evolution of the Festival of American Folklife and her responsibilities for coordinating the Festival's music; the first Festival in 1967; Festival participants; colleagues Jim Morris and Ralph Rinzler; and Lund's work after leaving the Smithsonian.

  • FAF/SM96-013 - Steptoe Wrenn, June 27, 1996

  • FAF/SM96-105 - Anita Buffaloe, July 5, 1996

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 2 minutes.

  • Arnold Sperling was interviewed by Catherine Perge on June 29, 1996. Born in Washington, DC, in 1932, Sperling is a retired recreation therapist and worked for the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland. He is an Information Specialist at the National Air and Space Museum (NASM) and the National Museum of American History (NMAH). This interview discusses what an Information Specialist does, the rules they must follow, how Sperling got involved in volunteering, the buildings he has worked in, his childhood visits to the Smithsonian, a typical day of work, anecdotes about volunteering at the Smithsonian, comments about the Smithsonian's many visitors, descriptions of the initial and ongoing training for Smithsonian volunteers, various attractions in DC from Sperling's childhood, what it means to him to work at the Smithsonian, and his impressions of the Folklife Festivals.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 19 minutes.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 16 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-066 - Martin Kaufna, June 30, 1996

  • Nancy Sweezy was interviewed by Francine Berkowitz on July 7, 1996. Born in New York in 1921, Sweezy worked with Ralph Rinzler both before and during his career at the Smithsonian. She was involved in the production of several Festivals. Sweezy taught art in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and is also a potter. This interview discusses how she met Ralph Rinzler; her increasing interest in crafts and the growing folk movement; Rinzler's and Sweezy's work for the Newport Folk Festival; how the crafts exhibition was received at the festival; the establishment of Country Roads, Inc. in 1965 with Norman Kennedy; the growth and popularity of this business; how displays were created in the store; continuing to work with Rinzler at the Smithsonian; her work with the 1981 Southern crafts exhibit at the Festival; the Festival's concern with presenting the whole craft process to the public; her work with recent immigrant communities and their struggles to preserve their culture; and the different perceptions of folkarts and fine arts and how Sweezy would like to change this.

  • FAF/SM96-049 - William White, June 29, 1996

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 10 minutes.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 5 minutes.

  • Virginia McCawley was interviewed by Eduardo Contreras on July 6, 1996. McCawley was born in San Francisco, California, in 1950 and moved to Washington, DC, in 1974. Her most recent job was working as a correctional officer at the Prince George's County Jail. McCawley has been a volunteer at the Festival of American Folklife for 15 years. At the 1996 Festival, McCawley worked on the Working at the Smithsonian exhibit in a temporary paid position, from May until July. This interview discusses McCawley's work for the Festival this year; her past volunteer work, primarily in the kitchen demonstrations; working with Betty Belanus, Lori Sommers, Richard Kennedy, Sally Brodie, Beverly Simon, Marjorie Hunt, and Emily Botein; her stories about volunteering at the Festival; why she started volunteering; her accomplishments as a volunteer; challenging aspects of her work with the Festival; how the Smithsonian staff has changed, specifically in the Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies; and how the Festival has changed.

  • Elyse Lattner was interviewed by Emily Botein on July 4, 1996. She was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1964 and lived in Connecticut for five years, then Baltimore, Maryland, for 5 years, and finally Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for 8 years. She has lived in the Washington, DC, area since 1982. She is trained as a teacher for early childhood, but is currently a full time mother. Lattner and her family visit the Smithsonian several times a month. This interview discusses how often she visits the Smithsonian and the Zoo, her memories of visiting as a child, what it is like to visit the museums with her children, her children's favorite Zoo animals, changes at the Smithsonian, what the Smithsonian means to her, her interest in history and popular culture, how the museums can foster parent and child interaction, visiting the Festival, suggestions for the improvement of the Smithsonian, field trips she and her class made to the Discovery Theater and the Zoo, suggestions for an increased Smithsonian presence in the classroom, and the 1996 Festival of American Folklife. Her sons Jacob and Noah, ages 4 and 2 respectively, are also present in this interview.

  • Jeff Place was interviewed by Jen Page on July 7, 1996. Place was born in Palo Alto, California, in 1956 but grew up in Falls Church, Virginia. He received the M.L.S., specializing in archives, and worked at the Library of Congress Folklife Archives before coming to work at the Smithsonian in 1988. Place is an archivist and runs the Folklife Archives in the Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies (CFPCS). Place has also attended the Festival of American Folklife since 1970, either as a visitor, volunteer, or staff member. This interview discusses the type of work he does; who he works with, notably Stephanie Smith and Tony Seeger; how he came to work at the Smithsonian; his favorite part of the collection; his education; visiting the Smithsonian museums as a child; his first impressions of working at the Smithsonian; working for the Smithsonian in an off Mall facility; comparing the Folklife Archives with the Archives Center at the National Museum of American History; collaborating with other Smithsonian offices; his first day of work; a typical day of work; how his job has changed; his career and plans for the future; favorite projects he has worked on; goals for the Folklife Archives; the Smithsonian as compared to a government agency or private company; challenging aspects of his work; what working at the Smithsonian means to him; visiting the museums when he is not working; and changes at the Smithsonian.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 15 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-006 - David DeVorkin, June 26, 1996

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 12 minutes.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 36 minutes.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 28 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-077 - William E. Cox, July 3, 1996

  • FAF/SM96-060 - Joan Paull, June 29, 1996

  • FAF/SM96-151 - Nancy Sweezy, July 7, 1996

  • Mary Wood was interviewed by Polly Stewart on June 27, 1996. Wood, originally from Minnesota, majored in history in college and moved to Washington, DC, in 1962. She has been a docent in the National Museum of American History (NMAH) for 25 years, 23 of which have been in the Industrial Revolution exhibit. She also teaches swimming part time and is active in Girl Scouts. This interview discusses Wood's work in the medical history exhibit; her reasons for transferring to the Industrial Revolution exhibit; what brought her to the Smithsonian; Smithsonian staff members she has worked with, including Joan Madden, Alice Reno Malone, Helen Snyder, and Martha Jo Meserole; positive and negative changes she has noticed at the Smithsonian; stories of working at the Smithsonian; visitors' reactions to her as a female docent working in the Industrial Revolution exhibit; and her opinions on docent-curator relationships in creating exhibits.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 7 minutes.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 24 minutes.

  • Steven Bostwick was interviewed by David Bosserman on July 7, 1996. He earned an art degree in printmaking, and he and his wife moved to Washington, DC, from Massachusetts in 1991. Bostwick worked for a year and four months in the Library of Congress's Exhibits Office, and through this job he heard about the Festival of American Folklife. He has worked at the Festival of American Folklife for three seasons as a member of the crew. Bostwick was also employed at the Smithsonian in the Cabinet Shop of the Freer and Sackler Galleries. When not working for the Festival, Bostwick does the lighting for industrial videos. This interview discusses Bostwick's first visit to the Smithsonian in 1963, his attendance at the Hirshhorn's Inaugural exhibition in 1974, his job at the Library of Congress, how he got his job at the Festival, the duration of his employment for the Festival, his job at the Freer and Sackler Galleries and why he left, comments on the differences in programming at the different Festivals, the relationship of crew members to one another, his technical recommendations for future Festivals, memories of the Festivals, his comments on the Working at the Smithsonian exhibit at the 1996 Festival of American Folklife, getting jobs at the Smithsonian by accident, and his plans for working at future Festivals.

  • David Kessler was interviewed by Shenandoah Gale on June 30, 1996. Kessler was born in 1953 in New Jersey and graduated from Sarah Lawrence College in New York in December 1974 with a degree in biology. He came to Washington, DC, in 1975 and began volunteering at the Zoo. He became a permanent employee in 1977 and is now a keeper at the National Zoo. This interview discusses what Kessler's job entails, his research in the breeding of animals, his work as a mentor for high school students, his work with naked mole rats, how he came to work at the Zoo, a typical day of work, the various animals he has worked with, the Zoo's position as part of the Smithsonian, memories of the Festival of American Folklife, history of the Zoo and its buildings, what working at the Smithsonian means to him, andan anecdote about working at the Zoo.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 17 minutes.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 45 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-119 - Nancy Pope, July 6, 1996

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 31 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-121 - Virginia McCawley, July 6, 1996

  • FAF/SM96-147 - Kethshara Khlok, July 7, 1996

  • David Squires was interviewed by Jen Page on July 7, 1996. Born in Providence, Rhode Island, in 1939, Squires attended Boston University. He began working for the Smithsonian in July 1963 on the satellite tracking program of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO). When funding for the program was cancelled, Squires began to work for the Center for Short-Lived Phenomenon, also a part of the Smithsonian. The name later changed to the Scientific Event Alert Network, and Squires was the manager of this program. He worked there from 1969-1975, when he began working part time in the Shipping and Receiving Office and the Transportation Office in the National Museum of Natural History. He became a supervisor of these offices in November 1980 and worked there until his retirement in October 1991. This interview discusses the course of Squires's career, the different places he worked while with the satellite tracking program, the history and purpose of the program, what work they did each night, his work and interesting projects while with the Scientific Event Alert Network, a typical day of work there, his interview and hiring by the Smithsonian, how he came to work in the Shipping and Receiving Offices, what he did there in his temporary and permanent capacities, stories of working at the Smithsonian, challenges of the job, the growth of the staff, his role as a supervisor, what working at the Smithsonian meant to him, who he worked with, collaborating with the Festival every year, dealing with Customs, and memories of the Festival of American Folklife.

  • Sally Sweetland was interviewed by Polly Stewart on June 27, 1996. She has volunteered at the Information Desk of the National Air and Space Museum (NASM) for 9 years and was also a volunteer at early Folklife Festivals. This interview discusses Sweetland's memories of working at the Folklife Festivals and her experiences as a volunteer at the NASM, focusing mainly on visitors' questions she has handled.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 17 minutes.

  • Dave West was interviewed by Joanne Gernstein on July 3, 1996. Born in Indiana in 1923, West served in the Army Air Corps in World War II. After the war, he worked for United Airlines in their Chicago offices and later for the Airline Trade Association in Washington, DC. He has been a Visitor Information & Associate Reception Center (VIARC) volunteer at the Smithsonian for the past ten years and works in the Castle and at the National Air and Space Museum. This interview discusses how and why West came to volunteer at the Smithsonian; his career in the airline industry; his first visit to the Smithsonian in the 1960s; his training and first day as a volunteer; changes in VIARC; his volunteerism compared to his career; stories about outstanding visitors; atypical day of work; his relationship with other volunteers, notably Irving Roth; challenges of volunteering; being a docent during the Enola Gay exhibit controversy; memories of Folklife Festivals; and Smithsonian staff Mary Grace Potter, Bill Blandy, and Roberta Buchanan.

  • James Early was interviewed by Tim Carr on June 30, 1996. He worked at the Smithsonian in the 1970s in preparation for the 1976 Bicentennial Festival of American Folklife and returned in 1984. He is now the Director of Cultural Studies and Communication at the Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies. This interview discusses the course of Early's career at the Smithsonian; his assessment of the Festival of American Folklife; colleagues Rayna Green, Bernice Reagon, Ralph Rinzler, and others; how his career at the Smithsonian began; the 1976 Festival of American Folklife; his preparations for the South Africa exhibit at the 1997 Festival of American Folklife; his relationship and work with John Kinard; comments on Secretaries Ripley, Adams, and Heyman; the Enola Gay exhibit controversy and censorship at the Smithsonian; working for a Smithsonian office rather than a Smithsonian museum; hopes for future Folklife Festivals; and his research focused on Cuba.

  • FAF/SM96-128 - Vincent Van Allen, July 6, 1996

  • Elaine Hodges was interviewed by Jen Page on July 6, 1996. Hodges was born in Washington, DC, in 1937, and she started working at the Smithsonian in 1965. She began as a personnel clerk and within six weeks, she held a position as a scientific illustrator. She first worked with J. Laurens Barnard in the Division of Crustacea in the Department of Invertebrate Zoology. Six months later, she was moved to the Lamont Street facility to work in the Division of Entomology. Hodges soon was working on the Southeast Asia Mosquito Project. Beginning in 1969, Hodges spent 4 years working at home on contract for the Smithsonian. She also went back to school to study entomology but did not complete the necessary course work. In September 1976, Hodges came back to work at the Smithsonian in the National Museum of Natural History. She plans to retire at the end of September. This interview discusses the course of Hodges's career, how she came to work at the Smithsonian, how she got her job as a scientific illustrator, her impressions of visiting the Smithsonian as a child, working at the Smithsonian in the 1960s, the Smithsonian bowling leagues, working at Lamont Street in an off-Mall facility, how she met her husband at work, stories of working in personnel, and her first and last days working in Barnard's office. The interview also covers the Department of Entomology's move from Lamont Street to the NMNH and Hodges's role in designing the space for the Mosquito project; why she decided to continue her work at home; her return to the Smithsonian in 1976; who she worked with in Entomology; the work which Hodges is now engaged in; how her job has changed; and the many projects, committees, and exhibits she has worked on. The interview continues with Hodges's assessment of the Smithsonian as compared to a private company, challenging aspects of her job, changes at the Smithsonian, what working at the Smithsonian means to her, her lack of visiting the museums, and reminiscences of working at the Smithsonian. This interview finishes with Hodges's observations about the Festival of American Folklife, the Working at the Smithsonian exhibit, her role as a presenter, and her conversations with co-presenter Carol Winkler of the Office of Education on his work and what the Smithsonian should be focusing on in the future.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 34 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-011 - John Gibson, June 26, 1996

  • FAF/SM96-123 - Betty Belanus, July 6, 1996

  • FAF/SM96-029 - Kathleen Dorman, June 28, 1996

  • Volkor K. Schmeissner was interviewed by John McKiernan Gonzalez on July 6, 1996. Schmeissner was born in 1935 in Stuttgart, Germany. He is a professor of German language and culture and is associated with the German Heritage Society of Greater Washington, DC, and the Society of German American Studies. Schmeissner first visited the Smithsonian in 1961. This interview discusses the work of the German Heritage Society of Greater Washington, DC; Adolf Cluss, the German American architect of the Castle; the other German American architects who built parts of Washington, DC; the disappearance of German American heritage and the rise of other ethnic heritage groups; Schmeissner's comments on the worldwide reputation of the Smithsonian; his numerous visits to the Smithsonian; his involvement with the German Heritage Society; his memories of the Festival of American Folklife; his visits to the Zoo; and what Schmeissner would include about Cluss in the Smithsonian's 150th anniversary book.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 26 minutes.

  • Marvin Nakashima was interviewed by Margie Gibson on June 26, 1996. He is an entomologist with the Food and Drug Administration and has volunteered in the Insect Zoo of the Smithsonian for 20 years. He has also volunteered at the Festival of American Folklife for 18 years. This interview discusses Nakashima's duties as a volunteer in the Insect Zoo; how his interest in insects developed; changes that he has witnessed in the Insect Zoo; colleagues Sheila Mutchler, Lynda Richards, Bruce Daniels, Sally Love, Nate Erwin, and Joe Smith; how Nakashima began volunteering at the Insect Zoo; his experiences with visitors; interesting insect stories; the feeding and diet of insects; his participation on collecting trips; how the Insect Zoo gets most of their insects; cooperation between the Insect Zoo and the National Zoo's Invertebrate Exhibit; and volunteer training. Additionally, Nakashima talks briefly about his work as a volunteer at the Festival.

  • FAF/SM96-135 - Melissa Darden, July 6, 1996

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 41 minutes.

  • Mark Geiger was interviewed by Sarita Rodriguez on July 3, 1996. Geiger is a specialist in chemical and occupational safety and is a volunteer at the 1996 Festival of American Folklife. His daughter is also a volunteer at the Festival. This interview discusses Geiger's childhood in Washington, DC, and his memories of the Smithsonian; changes on the Mall which he has witnessed; memories of past Folklife Festivals, especially Indonesia and Japan; his career; many of theSmithsonian museums and historic DC buildings; his anticipation of the 1997 Festival of American Folklife and the participation of South Africa; his comments on being a volunteer at the Festival; and the 150th anniversary celebrations and America's Smithsonian.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 6 minutes.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 21 minutes.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 16 minutes.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 17 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-099 - Judy Chelnick, July 5, 1996

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 11 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-140 - Dick Ball, July 7, 1996

  • FAF/SM96-125 - Leonard Hirsch, July 6, 1996

  • FAF/SM96-116 - Holly Wright, July 5, 1996

  • Agnes Yore was interviewed by Jen Page on July 4, 1996. Yore was born in Virginia in 1928 and graduated from the Medical College of Virginia in 1950 as a registered nurse. She worked at the Department of Defense from 1972 until 1980, when she came to the Smithsonian. She was the first nurse at the Smithsonian to pass the National Boards to be certified as an occupational health nurse. She retired from the Smithsonian in 1994. This interview discusses Yore's schooling and certification as a nurse, the history of industrial nursing, her first impressions of the Smithsonian as an employee, what her job included, her first day on the job, a typical day of work, and a story about working with a Zoo employee, how she got her job, her visits to the Smithsonian with her children and her impressions as a visitor, how her job changed, nursing at the Smithsonian as compared to a hospital or doctor's office, challenges of her job. The interview also covers the changes she has seen at the Smithsonian; what working at the Smithsonian meant to her; how and when she visited the museums; memorable events during her employment at the Smithsonian, including the building of the Postal Museum and meeting famous people; memories of the Folklife Festivals; and her reactions to the Working at the Smithsonian exhibit at the 1996 Festival of American Folklife.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 9 minutes.

  • David McFadden was interviewed by Jen Page on June 27, 1996. Born in North Dakota in 1947, McFadden worked for 8 years at the Minneapolis Institute of Arts as the curator of decorative arts. He came to the Smithsonian in 1978 and worked as the curator of decorative arts at the Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museum in New York City. He remained there for 16 years and in his last year was promoted to Assistant Director for Collections and Research. He is now the Executive Director of the Millicent Rogers Museum in Taos, New Mexico. This interview discusses McFadden's succession of jobs; the history of the Cooper-Hewitt Museum and its collections; colleagues Lisa Suter Taylor, Christian Rohlfing, Elaine Dee, Milton Sonday, Gillian Moss, and Ann Dorfsman; how he came to work at the Smithsonian; the variety of work McFadden did; his first impressions and his first day working at the Smithsonian; a description of a typical day of work; how his job changed over the years, mainly in the increase of fundraising and public relations; the differences between working for the Smithsonian and a government agency or private corporation; the challenges of working at the Smithsonian; changes at the Smithsonian during his tenure; what working at the Smithsonian meant to him; and several reminiscences about working at the Cooper-Hewitt Museum.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 14 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-087 - Sally Maran, July 3, 1996

  • FAF/SM96-113 - Margaret Santiago, July 5, 1996

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 26 minutes.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 17 minutes.

  • Sheila E. Cogan was interviewed by Dorothy Blink on July 4, 1996. Cogan was born in Washington, DC, and currently lives in Silver Spring, Maryland. She was an intern at the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) in the summer of 1963. This interview discusses Cogan's internship, including the projects she worked on, what the museum was like in the early 1960s, and the NMNH's work on both old and new exhibits; the programs for government interns under President Kennedy; the March on Washington at the end of the summer and how that affected Cogan's life; and her memories of the Folklife Festivals.

  • FAF/SM96-008 - Jody Fitterer, June 26, 1996

  • FAF/SM96-103 - Barbara Moore, July 5, 1996

  • Kethshara Khlok was interviewed by Francine Berkowitz on July 7, 1996. Khlokmoved to the United States from Cambodia in 1974 and attended a clerical school to prepare fora career. She came to work at the Smithsonian in 1979 and started in the typing pool, where she was assigned to work in the Office of Public Affairs (OPA). Khlok is now a clerk-typist in the Office of Human Resources (OHR) and attends Northern Virginia Community College part time, where she is working on her Associates Degree in liberal arts. This interview discusses the course of her career at the Smithsonian, her memories of working in OPA, the changes in OHR over the years, office picnics, recognition of her culture at the Smithsonian, a typical day of work, her hopes to move to a museum, how she came to work at the Smithsonian, visiting the museums when she is not working, the Magnificent Voyagers exhibit, the 1996 Festival of American Folklife and her attention to the narrative stage, the 150th birthday party, and how the Employee Assistant Program helped her cope with her divorce.

  • FAF/SM96-012 - Jane Walsh, June 27, 1996

  • FAF/SM96-118 - Doug Wonderlic, July 6, 1996

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 30 minutes.

  • Holly Wright was interviewed by Pam Henson on July 5, 1996. Wright was born in Virginia in 1956 and spent two years at Virginia Tech. She began her career at the Smithsonian in the early 1970s by volunteering at the Festival of American Folklife. She had a paid position at the 1976 Bicentennial Festival and then left the Smithsonian for several years. Wright became a permanent member of the Horticulture Services Division in 1991 and now manages the Mary Livingston Ripley garden. This interview discusses the course of Wright's career; how she came to work at the Smithsonian; her memories of volunteering at the Festival; school trips to the Smithsonian; how her gardening interest developed; her training; a typical day at work; what she likes about her job; the challenges of her work; the collective personality of the Smithsonian Horticultural staff; her job at the Smithsonian as compared to her other jobs; issues of safety when working in a public setting; and Wright's reflections on her work at the Smithsonian.

  • Norman Novack was interviewed by John McKiernan Gonzalez on July 7, 1996. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1952 and attended the Wharton Business School at the University of Pennsylvania, where he majored in public management. During his schooling, Novack did an internship at the Smithsonian in the summer of 1980; his internship turned into a full time position. He began as a financial analyst at the National Museum of American History, became a budget analyst at the Office of Planning Management and Budget (OPMB), and is now a management analyst in the same office. This interview discusses the course of his career, why he chose the Smithsonian for his internship, visiting the Smithsonian for his internship, stories of working at the Smithsonian, his professional dealings with Congress, stories of Congressional hearings, how he would have presented his job at the Festival, the history of budget successes and failures, tracking appropriation bills, changes at the Smithsonian, the future of the Institution, stories he heard of the Smithsonian's past through the OSIA Oral History Project, the Smithsonian's reputation and how the public reacts to the Institution, visiting the museums when he is not working, and his participation in the Smithsonian Recreation Association in the past.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 17 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-108 - Ruth Selig, July 5, 1996

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 36 minutes.

  • Janice Whigham was interviewed by Felix Lapinski on July 6, 1996. Whigham lives in Crofton, Maryland, with her husband Dennis, who works for the Smithsonian Environmental Resource Center (SERC). They moved to the Washington, DC, area from Lawrenceville, New Jersey, where Mr. Whigham was teaching at Rider College. Both Mr. and Mrs. Whigham are biologists, and Mrs. Whigham is a frequent visitor to the Smithsonian. This interview discusses how often the Whighams visit the Smithsonian, her first visit to the Smithsonian in the mid 1970s, her first impressions of the Smithsonian, what SERC does, which museums Whigham likes, and the tours which are available at the SERC facilities.

  • Sally Maran was interviewed by Eduardo Contreras on July 3, 1996. Maran was born in Seattle, Washington, in 1938 and worked at Life magazine before coming to the Smithsonian in 1969. She was part of the original staff at the Smithsonian magazine and worked as an assistant editor. She was promoted to associate editor and worked full-time until 1972 when she left to start her family. She continued to work part-time as an associate editor until 1990, when she joined the Board of Editors full-time. This interview discusses Maran's association with Life magazine; how she came to work for the Smithsonian; the course of her career; the types of work she did in each of her positions; the operations of the Smithsonian magazine; publications of memorable issues; the cycle of work at the magazine for each month's production schedule; her major accomplishments, including creating an internship program and networking the office's computers; comparing the Smithsonian magazine with Life; and challenging aspects of her job. The interview also covers changes at the Smithsonian, mostly in the development of the National Air and Space Museum; her memories of the construction of the Ripley Center; and her comments on Folklife Festivals.

  • FAF/SM96-043 - Mina Smith Segal, June 28, 1996

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 23 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-117 - David Jickling, July 6, 1996

  • Kathleen Dorman was interviewed by Polly Stewart on June 28, 1996. Dorman moved to the Washington, DC, area in 1970 after graduating from college with an undergraduate degree in history. Hired as a clerk typist for the Joseph Henry Papers project, she has worked there for 26 years and is now the Assistant Editor. This interview discusses Dorman's job search and hiring at the Smithsonian; her work for the Henry papers, specifically the publication of the 15 volumes of Henry documents; the history of Joseph Henry and his association with and shaping of the Smithsonian; how others react when she tells them where she works; the Enola Gay exhibit controversy and the creating of exhibits for the public presentation of history; the ethos of the Smithsonian as a workplace; descriptions and memories of the different buildings in which she has worked, notably the Pension building, the Castle, and the Arts and Industries Building; and a story about a protest on the Mall.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 19 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-041 - Jane Glaser, June 28, 1996

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 10 minutes.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 18 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-057 - Josephine Burman, June 29, 1996

  • Josephine Burman was interviewed by David Bosserman on June 29, 1996. She lives in Maryland and worked as a design consultant for her husband's firm. She has been a volunteer at the National Zoo for 26 years. This interview discusses her volunteer work at the Zoo, how she became a Zoo volunteer, the changes at the Zoo, her memories of visitors, her work for the Zoo on Wheels outreach program, and her husband's involvement in her volunteer work.

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 26 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-039 - Jenie Witthoff, June 28, 1996

  • FAF/SM96-051 - Kamille and Michael Kreger, June 29, 1996

  • Audio Recording of Interview: Total recording time: 20 minutes.

  • FAF/SM96-124 - William Gagham, July 6, 1996

  • David Moore was interviewed by Tim Carr on June 30, 1996. Moore is a musician from Iowa and is a presenter at the 1996 Festival of American Folklife. This interview discusses Moore's work as a presenter for the Iowa section of the Folklife Festival, the types of music found in Iowa, his career as a musician, how he got involved with the Smithsonian and the Folklife Festival, his impressions of the Folklife Festival, and the logistics of working for the Festival.

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