Picturing World War I: America's First Official War Artists, 1918-1919 Additional Resources

Artist Soldiers: Artistic Expression in the First World War. Washington, D.C: Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum and National Museum of American History, 2017. Exhibit website published in conjunction with the exhibition of the same name, shown at National Air and Space Museum.

Burkett, Gene, and Janet Hodges. “World War I Art and Combat Artists.” The National Archives Unwritten Record Blog, updated 23 June 2014.

Cornebise, Alfred Emile. Art from the Trenches: America’s Uniformed Artists. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1991.

Krass, Peter. Portrait of War: The U.S. Army’s First Combat Artists and the Doughboys’ Experience in WWI. Hoboken,NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2006.

Kudlick, Walter. “U.S. Army Official War Artists.” Doughboy Center, WorldWar1.com, 2 April 1999.

Kutner, Max. “This Riveting Art From the Front Lines of World War I Has Gone Largely Unseen for Decades.” Smithsonian.com, 12 August 2014.

Lubin, David M. Grand Illusions: American Art and the First World War. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016.


William James Aylward

Anonymous. “William James Aylward.” Illustration Art Solutions, 2014.

Anonymous. “William James Aylward (1875–1956).” Schoonover Studios Ltd.: Great American Illustration. Howard Pyle & Students, n.d.

Apatoff, David. “William Aylward (1875–1956).” Illustration Art, 28 Feb. 2009.

Aylward, William James. Ships and How to Draw Them. New York: Pitman, 1950.

Burkett, Gene, and Janet Hodges. “World War I Combat Artists—William James Aylward.” The National Archives Unwritten Record Blog, updated 22 August 2014.

Giambarba, Paul. “William J. Aylward.” 100 Years of Art in Illustration, 20 May 2005.

Mitchell, Nicolle. “Aylward, William James (1875–1956).” In Home Front Heroes: A Biographical Dictionary of Americans during Wartime, ed. Benjamin F. Shearer, 1:31. 3 vols. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007.

Vadeboncoeur, Jim, and Charley Parker. “William James Aylward.” Lines and Colors: Notes and Comments on Visual Arts by Charley Parker, 6 August 2009.


Walter Jack Duncan

Baier, Ellen. “Duncan, Walter Jack (1881–1941).” In Home Front Heroes: A Biographical Dictionary of Americans during Wartime, ed. Benjamin F. Shearer, 1:250. 3 vols. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007.

Hodges, Janet, and Gene Burkett. “World War I Combat Artists—Walter Duncan.” The National Archives Unwritten Record Blog, 5 January 2015.


Harvey Thomas Dunn

Anonymous. “The Artist of the AEF [Harvey Dunn].” American Legion Magazine 102 no. 4 (April 1977): 9, 50.

Anonymous. “Accomplished Artist, Teacher, and Friend: Harvey Thomas Dunn 1884–1952.” A.R. Mitchell Museum of Western Art website, n.d.

Apatoff, David. “Harvey Dunn, 1884–1952.” Illustration Art, 10 Dec. 2010.

Baier, Ellen. “Dunn, Harvey Thomas (1884–1952).” In Home Front Heroes: A Biographical Dictionary of Americans during Wartime, ed. Benjamin F. Shearer, 1:251. 3 vols. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007.

Fernandez, George. “Harvey Dunn, Artist and Teacher.” Illustration 5 no. 17 (Summer 1981?): 52-75.

Hodges, Janet. “World War I Combat Artists—Harvey Dunn.” The National Archives Unwritten Record Blog, 2 February 2015.

Holtzman, Roger. “Harvey Dunn, Working Man.” South Dakota Magazine (November/December 2012). Revised version

Howe, Dan. “Harvey Dunn: An Artist’s Perspective.” Norman Rockwell Museum website, c. 2015.

Howell, Edgar M. “Harvey Dunn: The Searching Artist Who Came Home to His First Horizon.” Montana: The Magazine of Western History 16 no. 1 (Winter 1966): 41-56.

Howell, Edgar M. “An Artist Goes to War: Harvey Dunn and the A.E.F. War Art Program.” Smithsonian Journal of History 2 no. 4 (Winter 1967–1968): 45-56.

Karelovitz, Robert F. Where Your Heart Is: The Story of Harvey Dunn, Artist. Aberdeen, SD: North Plains Press, 1970.

Lawrence, Tom. “Prairie Artist Also Captured WWI.” Black Hills Pioneer, 18 August 2014.

Meschutt, David. “Dunn, Harvey Thomas.” American National Biography online, Feb. 2000.

Miller, John E. “Dunn, Harvey (1884–1952).” In Encyclopedia of the Great Plains, ed. David J. Wishart. University of Nebraska—Lincoln, 2007.

Plunkett, Stephanie Haboush. “Masters of the Golden Age: Harvey Dunn and His Students.” South Dakota Art Museum, Brookings, SD, and Norman Rockwell Museum, Stockbridge, MA, Collaborative exhibit, May 2015–Sept. 2016.

Reed, Walt. Harvey Dunn: Illustrator and Painter of the Pioneer West. Santa Cruz, CA: Flesk Publications, 2010.

Vadeboncoeur, Jim, Jr. “Harvey Dunn.” JVJ Publishing: Illustrators, 1998 (updated 2011).


George Matthews Harding

Baier, Ellen. “Harding, George Matthews (1882–1959).” In Home Front Heroes: A Biographical Dictionary of Americans during Wartime, ed. Benjamin F. Shearer, 2:382. 3 vols. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007.

Harding, George Matthews. “The American Artist at the Front.” American Magazine of Art 10 no. 12 (October 1919): 451-456.

Harding, George Matthews. The American Expeditionary Forces in Action. Philadelphia: Privately printed limited edition, 1920.

Harding, George Matthews. “Drawing the War.” American Magazine of Art 32 no. 10 (October 1939): 569-74, 605.

Hodges, Janet. “World War I Combat Artists— George Harding.” The National Archives Unwritten Record Blog, 13 March 2015.


Wallace Morgan

Force, Donald C. “Morgan, Wallace (1873–1948).” In Home Front Heroes: A Biographical Dictionary of Americans during Wartime, ed. Benjamin F. Shearer, 2:603-604. 3 vols. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007.

Hodges, Janet. “World War I Combat Artists—Wallace Morgan.” The National Archives Unwritten Record Blog, 27 October 2015.

Lardner, Ring W. My Four Weeks in France. Illus. Wallace Morgan. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1918


Ernest Clifford Peixotto

Adams, Adeline. “Ernest Peixotto’s War Landscapes.” American Magazine of Art 12 no. 6 (June 1921): 191-96.

Baier, Ellen. “Peixotto, Ernest Clifford (1869–1940).” In Home Front Heroes: A Biographical Dictionary of Americans during Wartime, ed. Benjamin F. Shearer, 3:667-668. 3 vols. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007.

Ernest and Mary Peixotto papers, BANC MSS C-H 98, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.

Gumina, Deanna Paoli. “Ernest Peixotto.” Argonaut: Journal of the San Francisco Museum and Historical Society 23 no.2 (Winter 2012): 38-91.

Hodges, Janet. “World War I Combat Artists—Ernest Peixotto.” The National Archives Unwritten Record Blog, 1 December 2015.

Peixotto, Ernest C. “The Use of Art in Warfare.” American Magazine of Art 8 no. 9 (July 1917): 370-371.

Peixotto, Ernest C. The American Front. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1919


J. André Smith

Baier, Ellen. “Smith, J. André (1880–1959).” In Home Front Heroes: A Biographical Dictionary of Americans during Wartime, ed. Benjamin F. Shearer, 3:765-766. 3 vols. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007.

Behrens, Roy R. “J. André Smith and Camouflaged Tents.” Camoupedia website, 15 Dec. 2015.

Hodges, Janet. “World War I Combat Artists—Andre Smith.” The National Archives Unwritten Record Blog, 29 January 2016.

Smith, J. André. In France with the American Expeditionary Forces.New York: Arthur H. Hahlo, 1919. Reprinted BiblioLife, 2015.

Tolerton, H.H. “J. André Smith.” In Illustrated Catalogue of Etchings by America Artists, with Biographical Sketches by H.H. Tolerton, 113-120. Chicago: Albert Roullier's Art Galleries, 1913.


Harry Everett Townsend

Anonymous. “Townsend, Harry Everett (1879–1941).” Connecticut State Library.

Apatoff, David. “Artist at War, Part 2 [Harry Townend].” Illustration Art, 29 Jan. 2011.

Force, Donald C. “Townsend, Harry Everett (1879–1941).” In Home Front Heroes: A Biographical Dictionary of Americans during Wartime, ed. Benjamin F. Shearer, 3:811-812. 3 vols. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007.

Hodges, Janet. “World War I Combat Artists—Harry Townsend.” The National Archives Unwritten Record Blog, 25 February 2016.

Peters, Greg and Connie. “Harry Everett Townsend.” Art of the Print.

Reed, Walt. “Harry Townsend: On Assignment during World War I.” American Artist 36 no. 358 (May 1972): 62-67, 86-87.

Townsend, Harry Everett. War Diary of a Combat Artist: Capt. Harry Everett Townsend. Edited by Alfred Emile Cornebise. Niwot: University Press of Colorado, 1991.