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Mergenthaler Linotype Company Records

National Museum of American History

Object Details

Creator
Mergenthaler Linotype Co.
Type designer
Govil, Hari Govind, 1899-1956
Inventor
Mergenthaler, Ottmar, 1854-1899
Topic
Linotype
Printing -- History
Printing industry
Printing -- Instruments
Printing machinery and supplies
Typesetting
Typesetting machines
Type designers
Provenance
Donated by Mergenthaler Linotype Company in 1998 and 1999.
Creator
Mergenthaler Linotype Co.
See more items in
Mergenthaler Linotype Company Records
Summary
These records document primarily the history of typeface development at the Mergenthaler Linotype Company of Baltimore, Maryland. The company supplied most of the typesetting machines used in the printing industry, both in America and worldwide. As changing technology ended the usefulness of the linotype machine the company pioneered new computer-driven, photo typesetting machines.
Accruals
Approximately .75 cubic foot of material relating to the Mergenthaler Linotype Company was donated by Lawrence Feller, May 24, 2013.
Biographical
Ottmar Mergenthaler (born May 11, 1854 in Hachtel (today: Bad Mergentheim), Kingdom of Württemberg; died October 28, 1899 in Baltimore, MD) was part of a large wave of German immigrants who sailed to the United States and settled in Baltimore between 1861 and 1910. He arrived in 1872, at eighteen years of age, and started working for his step-cousin August Hahl, who ran a workshop for electrical equipment and patent models. It was during Mergenthaler's time in Hahl's workshop that he first discovered his true passion: print technology. In 1885, thirteen years after landing in the United States, Mergenthaler was awarded a patent for a typesetting machine that eventually became known as the Linotype. The invention was the result of a decade of intense engagement with mechanized typesetting machines and the surrounding literature. The Linotype represented a major milestone in the history of printing, and, by extension, the larger history of Mergenthaler's time. His invention revolutionized the printing industry, making it possible to print faster and more efficiently than ever before. Ultimately, Mergenthaler's Linotype opened a new chapter in the history of mass communication and determined the path of the printing industry for the next century. Mergenthaler Linotype Company was founded in the United States in 1886 to market the Linotype machine invented by Ottmar Mergenthaler. Source Tsaniou, Styliani. "Ottmar Mergenthaler." In Immigrant Entrepreneurship: German-American Business Biographies, 1720 to the Present, vol. 3, edited by Giles R. Hoyt. German Historical Institute. Last modified July 26, 2013. http://www.immigrantentrepreneurship.org/entry.php?rec=42
Extent
108 Cubic feet (257 boxes, 1 map-folder)
Date
1886-1997
Archival Repository
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Identifier
NMAH.AC.0666
Type
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Brochures
Business records
Correspondence
Minutes
Type specimens
Citation
Mergenthaler Linotype Company Records, 1886-1997, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Arrangement
The collection is arranged into 13 series. The series level arrangement scheme was imposed during processing to facilitate a more usable order for the records. Several series documenting typeface were combined into a single series, Series 2: Typefaces. In most instances, original folder titles were retained. In circumstances where there was no folder title, the processing archivist created one derived from the nature of the materials. Series 1: Organizational Records, 1929-1997 Series 2: Office Files, 1908-1992 Series 3: Typefaces, 1904-1991 Subseries 3.1: Typefaces, 1923-1993 Subseries 3.2: Designers of Typeface, 1929-1987 Subseries 3.3: Technical Development of Typeface, 1933-1985 Subseries 3.4: Matrix Data for Typeface, 1923-1974 Subseries 3.5: Typographic Committee Meetings (Standards), 1984-1988 Series 4: Licensing Agreements, 1939-1988 Series 5: International Files, 1956-1989 Series 6: Correspondence and Inter-Office Memoranda, 1968-1994 Subseries 6.1: Domestic, 1968-1994 Subseries 6.2: Marketing, 1984-1993 Series 7: Variable Input Phototypesetter (VIP), 1970-1977 Series 8: Conferences, 1986-1993 Series 9: Executives' Records Suberies 9.1: Brian Boyajian Files, 1989 Subseries 9.2: Bruce Brenner Files, 1981-1991 Subseries 9.3: Jackson Burke Files, 1956-1961 Subseries 9.4: Stephen "Steve" Byers Files, 1973-1995 Subseries 9.5: Ames Gutierrez Files, 1990-01-1991 Subseries 9.6: Karl Heidenreich Files, 1983 Subseries 9.7: Jürgen Krufcyzk Files, 1989-1990 Subseries 9.8: Franklin J. Lassman Files, 1984-1985 Subseries 9.9: Mike Parker Files, 1969-1981 Subseries 9.10: Ray Pell Files, 1982 Subseries 9.11: Günter Zorn Files, 1990-01-1990-12 Series 10: Sales Materials, 1886-1982 Series 11: Project Files, 1977-1987 Series 12: Xerox Corporation Materials, 1982-1989 Series 13: Adobe Systems Incorporated Materials, 1983-1993
Processing Information
The collection was processed by Alison Oswald, archivist, 2018.
Rights
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Genre/Form
Brochures -- 20th century
Business records -- 20th century
Correspondence -- 20th century
Minutes -- 20th century
Type specimens
Scope and Contents
The collection documents the development of typefaces and contains some company business records, including reports, memoranda, correspondence, marketing materials, and other business papers; and typeface examples.
Restrictions
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at [email protected] or 202-633-3270. Social Security numbers are present and have been rendered unreadable and redacted. Researchers may use the photocopies in the collection.
Related Materials
Materials at the Smithsonian Institution Archives Center, National Museum of American History Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Series: Printing and Printers Smithsonian Institution Archives Presentation of Mergenthaler Linotype Machine to the National Museum of History and Technology, now known as the National Museum of American History. (SIA Acc. 11-008 [OPA-1521]) Smithsonian Trade Literature Collection Mergenthaler Linotype Company catalogs National Postal Museum Ottmar Mergenthaler, postage stamp, 1996. See 1997.2004.49. Smithsonian American Art Museums Ottmar Mergenthaler, sculpture, 1908. See IAS 08650110. National Portrait Gallery Ottmar Mergenthaler, sculpture, 1908. See NPG.79.77. National Museum of African American History and Culture Linotype Machine used by the Chicago Defender Publishing Company, 1902-1906. See NMAAHC-2012.18. Materials at Other Organizations University of Delaware Library, Special Collections Department Mergenthaler Linotype Collection, 1881-1954 Eight linear feet of materials including letters, legal papers, and patents. The collection represents only a limited portion of the company's history. University of Kentucky Special Collections Research Center Chauncey Hawley Griffith papers, 1903-1969, undated Primarily of manuscript correspondence, drawings, and proofs that document typefaces designed and developed by Chauncey Hawley Griffith, William Addison Dwiggins, and Rudolph Ruzicka for the Mergenthaler Linotype Company in the early- to mid-twentieth century. Syracuse University Libraries, Special Collections Research Center William Addison Dwiggins Collection, 1927 Typewritten manuscript for an essay written by Dwiggins and related correspondence. University of Maryland, Special Collections William Addision Dwiggins Collection, 1902-1990 Includes over 130 volumes and over 30 pieces of ephemera documenting Dwiggins's design career, as well as works written about him. New York Public Library, Manuscripts and Archives Division Paul A. Bennett papers, 1925-1966 Personal and professional correspondence, research materials, typescripts of writings, and other papers relating to Bennett's career in advertising and his work with the Typophiles. Includes material relating to the Chap Book series, published by the Typophiles.
Separated Materials
The Division of Culture and the Arts (now Division of Cultural and Community Life) holds objects related to the Mergenthaler Linotype Company that include books, models, linofilm system, matrices, typecasting and typesetting machine, reports, and letters. See accessions: 1981.1011; GA.22989; GA.22952; GA 22984; GA.22948; GA.22951; 22949; GA.22953; ZZ.RSN85692F20; GA.24877; GA.23057; GA.24582; 1979.0372.1; GA.22988; GA.22950; GA.17070; GA.22947; GA.22959; GA.22961; GA.22986; GA.22987; GA.22955.
Related link
Record ID
ebl-1562731489934-1562731490029-0
Metadata Usage
CC0
GUID
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8a9a3855a-263d-430d-a9b7-8d9cabbd84e8

In the Collection

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  • Caledonia with Gothic Bold, 10 point

  • International Trade Show for Computer Distribution (COMDEX), Las Vegas

  • Ionic No. 5 with Bold Face No. 2, 7 point

  • Typotronics, Inc.

  • 140 Typewriter

  • Greek Display and Greek Accents

  • Gothic No. 13

  • Adobe and second addendum to amendment No. 4 of license agreement

  • Teletytpe installations by state

  • Granjon with Granjon Bold, 9 point

  • OCR-A font, technical specifications

  • Instructions? for pint size change, film advance, and font change

  • Zorn, Gunther (trip to Japan)

  • Primer with Italic and small caps, 11 point

  • Experimental #16, #221, #222, 14 point

  • Business functional areas, Linotype Typographic

  • Metromedium with Metrothin, 10 point

  • Helvetica Bold with Italic, 9 point

  • Caslon No. 137 with italic and small caps, 7 point

  • Chronological File

  • Clarendon Light C

  • Gothic No. 31C with Gothic No. 32C, 6 point

  • Fell Type

  • Spartan Bold with Italic, 12 point

  • Spartan Bold Italic, 30 point

  • Trade Gothic Bold No. 2

  • Caledonia Greek

  • Olympian with Italic, 10 point

  • Garamond Bold with Italic

  • Linotype-Nebiolo

  • Online services (Teleport and Apple Link)

  • Correspondence

  • Typographic Standards Committee

  • Post script source code license agreement

  • Advertising and marketing graphics (Joseph Glogan)

  • Teletype 7, Excelsior with Gothic No. 3

  • Cascade C

  • Garamond No. 3 with Italic and small caps, 7 point

  • Caslon Old Face No. 2 B

  • Franklin Gothic, 24 point

  • Spartan Bold Condensed with Italic, 18 point

  • Vulcan Bold with Italic, 14 point

  • Erbar Light Condensed, 36 point

  • Corinthian, 8 1/2 point

  • American Type Founders Company (typeface agreement)

  • Common Language bank check figures, 11 point

  • Serif Gothic

  • Spartan Book Condensed with Heavy Condensed, 10 point

  • Erbar Light Condensed with Erbar Bold Condensed, 10 point

  • Chronological File

  • Belwe

  • Caslon Bold Condensed, 14 point

  • Metromedium No. 2 with Metrothin No. 2

  • New Granjon experimental No. 6

  • Linotype and Machinery Limited (matrix manufacture)

  • Correspondence (Linotype Limited and Machinery)

  • Number 16 with Century Bold

  • Hebrew with Italic, 8 point

  • Experimental #245, 7 1/4 point

  • NewGen Systems Corporation

  • Bodoni Bold, 36 point

  • Corona No. 2 with bold face

  • Cheltenham Bold

  • Turkish Bold, 18 point

  • Variable Input Phototypesetter (VIP) and Advanced Typography Program/MVP

  • Spartan Book with Italic and small caps, 9 point

  • Caslon Number 3 italic and small caps, 8 point

  • Russian linotypes

  • Photographs

  • Metroblack with Metrolite, 6 point

  • Bodoni, 24 point Bold Italic

  • Copperplate Gothic 30 A

  • Lino Talk

  • Garamond Bold, 24 point

  • Vendor register marks and trademarks

  • Sans Serif Stand-up Fractions

  • Memphis Medium Condensed with Memphis Extra Bold Condensed, 8 point

  • Bodoni C

  • Caledonia with Bold, 10 point

  • Times 24 MMR

  • Laser font production schedule

  • Spartan Duplicate Medium

  • Linotytpe GmbH

  • Electra with cursive

  • Remington No. 2 with No. 3, 8 point

  • Laser fonts

  • German Grid Manufacture

  • Porson Greek, 9 point

  • Ionic No. 5 with Italic and small caps, 9 point

  • Fairfield Medium with italic and small caps, 9 point

  • Clearface Gothic

  • Gothic No. 20 with Gothic No. 18, 18 point

  • Memphis Bold Condensed, 18 point with Memphis Medium, 14 point; Memphis Bold Condensed, 24 point with Memphis Medium, 18 point

  • Association Typographique Internationale Meeting (Parma)

  • Typographics Communications, Inc.

  • Caslon Number 3 italic, 30 point

  • Olympian with Italic, 9 point

  • Spartan Black Condensed Italic, 18 point

  • Memphis Light and Bold, 14 point

  • Typographic development

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Correspondence (G. Barborka), relates to Sanskrit
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